Preliminary preparation for IVF is as important as the treatment itself. It helps assess the chances of success, minimize risks, and correct any identified disorders before the protocol begins.

Ovarian Reserve Assessment
To predict how the ovaries will respond to stimulation, ovarian reserve is evaluated using:

• Blood test for FSH at the beginning of the menstrual cycle;
• Antral follicle count via ultrasound;
• Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level — a modern and informative marker.

High FSH or low AMH levels may indicate reduced ovarian reserve, which lowers the chances of successful fertilization.

Uterus and Fallopian Tubes Examination
Before starting IVF, it’s essential to rule out uterine abnormalities such as polyps, adhesions (synechiae), and fibroids that can interfere with implantation. These should be surgically removed.

Hydrosalpinx — fluid in a blocked fallopian tube — requires special attention, as it can negatively affect embryos and reduce the chance of successful pregnancy. Surgical removal or tubal ligation is often recommended.

Semen Analysis
The male partner must undergo a semen analysis. If abnormalities are found, a consultation with an andrologist is necessary. The specialist will determine whether improvement is possible and whether any hidden issues exist, including genetic causes, such as:

• Y chromosome microdeletions associated with azoospermia;
• Congenital absence of vas deferens may indicate CFTR gene mutations related to cystic fibrosis.

In such cases, genetic testing of the couple is recommended.

Mandatory Tests
Both partners must be screened for infections:

• HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C;
• Vaginal swab for bacterial flora and STIs;
• Hormonal profile if necessary.

A comprehensive assessment allows timely correction before stimulation begins.

What Can Increase the Chances of IVF Success?
Many patients ask: what can we do to improve our chances? Here are the key recommendations:
1. Quit Smoking
 Nicotine affects egg and sperm quality. Smoking:

• Reduces IVF success rates by 50–70%;
• Increases miscarriage risk;
• Worsens ovarian response to stimulation.

 Quitting smoking at least 3 months before treatment is essential.

2. Avoid Drugs and Unauthorized Medications
 Drugs and unapproved supplements may cause infertility and harm fetal development. Always consult your doctor regarding any medications, supplements, or herbs.

3. Weight Management
 Being overweight or underweight can impact treatment success. Body Mass Index (BMI) should be:

• Optimal range: 19–30 kg/m²;
• Outside this range — weight correction is advised before starting the protocol.

4. Healthy Diet and Lifestyle

• Balanced nutrition with adequate protein, vitamins, and minerals;
• Limit caffeine (no more than 1–2 cups per day);
• Completely avoid alcohol during preparation, stimulation, and early pregnancy.

 Even small amounts of alcohol can reduce conception chances and affect embryo development.

Folic Acid Supplementation
Take 400 mcg of folic acid daily for at least 3 months before conception and throughout the first trimester. This lowers the risk of neural tube defects in the fetus.

Check Rubella Immunity
 If immunity is absent, vaccination is required before IVF. Rubella during pregnancy can cause deafness, blindness, or developmental delays in the fetus. Wait at least 1 month after vaccination before attempting conception.

Physical Activity
 Avoid intense workouts during stimulation. However, moderate physical activity (20–30 minutes, 3–4 times per week) can improve overall well-being, metabolism, and stress resilience.

Control of Chronic Conditions
If you have diabetes, hypertension, autoimmune, or other chronic diseases, consult a specialist before planning pregnancy. Treatment adjustments may be needed.